Pulverizer



July 30, 1940. J. lVEs 2.209,696

- PULVERIZER Filed April 25, '1938 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. e/bH/V /l/s ATTORNEY J. IVES PULVERIZ'ER Jul 30, 1940.

Filed April 25, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. JoH/v /|/s A ORNEY.

J. IVES PULVERIZER July 30; 1940.

Filed April 25, 1958 Sheets-Sheet 4' INVENTOR. JoH/v /v5 5g 3/ ATTORNEY.

Patented July 30, 1940 I {UNITED STATES 1 OFFICE John Ives, Denver, (1010., assignor to The Denver Fire Clay Company, Denver, 0019., a corporation of Delaware Application April 25, 1938, Serial No. 204,085 6 Claims. (01. '83-8) This invention relates to improvements in p-ulverizers, more particularly of the type intended forpreparation of ores, minerals and the like for assayingand'chemical analysis. j

It" is a principal object of the present invention to provide a compact and simplified pulverizer havinga'gyratory grinding element cooperative with a stationary grinding member.

Another object is the provision of a pulverizer having a tightly closed grinding chamber to assure the salvage of all material pulverized therein.

A further object is to provide a device of this character having a novel and simplified mechanism for producing an optimum movement of the grinding element.

A still further object is to provide a pulverizer having unusually efficient means for adjusting the relative positions of rotary and. stationary grinding'members.

Still another object is the provision in a device of this character, for the collection and removal of pulverized material by novel means. v p

Still another object is to provide a pulverizer having a hinged cover for the grinding chamber, provided with an inlet to the chamber and with an efficient locking mechanism to assure a tight seal of the chamber during operation.

Other objects and advantages reside in details of design and construction which will be more fully disclosed in the following description and the drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through a typical pulverizer built according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken approximately along the line 2--2 .ofFigure 1;

Figure 3 is .a transverse section of the same taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section illustrating a modified type of drive; and

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view along line 55 of Figure i.

In the drawings reference character l5 denotes a general supporting housing providing bearing supports for the moving parts of the machine and a closed grinding chamber it that houses the grinding elements. A shaft H is eccentrically journaled in a rotary sleeve H! which in turn is suitably journaled in a stationary sleeve is that supported in the housing. A pin holds the sleeve is stationary. A driving element, which in the instant case is in the form of a pulley 2 I, is provided with an extended hub 22 that is journaled on the stationary sleeve I9. On the side of the pulley opposite the hub is attached a returnsto the reservoirthrough a suitable passage shown at42.

cover element 23 that is provided with a hollow center 26 and a radial slot 25 that provides a driving surface for an arm 26 that is provided with non-metallic driving contacts 260. and. that is securely fastened to the shaft 11 as by a pin 21. 5 The arm 26 is carried on ahub 28 that projects beyond the end of the shaft l1 and is recessed and under-cut as at 29 to provide a swivel connection for' a flange 30 on a non-gyratory screw 3!. A thrust element such as a fiber disk 30a. is positiohedin the recess between the end of the shaft i-i and the end of the screw 3|. 7

The end of the screw 3| that is opposite the flange is provided with a hand wheel 32 and a lock nut 33, and around the screw is a sleeve 3% that provides a journal bearing for a loose or idler pulley 35 and a second bearing for the rotary driving element 2|. On the shaft I! are cut or splined elongated gear teeth 36 to form a so-called sun pinion. Positioned around these teeth is a stationary internal gear 31, and a planet pinion 38 that is journaled on the eccentric sleeve l8 meshes with the sun pinion and the internal gear to transmit rotary movement from the shaft to the sleeve so that the sleeve will rotate at a reduced speed and impart a gyratory movement to the shaft I! which. is. being directly driven at a relatively higher speed about its own axis through the in-' termediary-of the pulley 2|. and the arm 26.

An oil.reservoir 40 is'provided in the housing l5 in which a-suitableoil ring 4| receives a supply' of oil to be raised and distributed to the shaft and eccentriosleeve, after which the oil At an end ofthe shaft 11 iskeyed a disk'43 that is provided' with aplu-ralityof set screws 44 that engage and hold-arotary grinding plate 45 that cooperates with a corresponding stationary grinding element-4'6; A hinged cover 41 provides accessto the-grindingchamber l5 and is securely locked'inplace-during operation by ahand-operated toggle mechanism 48. A feed chute M3 is provided on the cover, which connects with an' 5 opening '50 therethrough which leads into a grinding space '5! between the said grinding media. Positioned at'the bottom of the chamber I6 is a removable slide or drawer 52 which extends beyond-thewalls of the grinding chamher. l6 and which has an outwardly flanged lip 53 that is adapted 'to fit closely under the lower edge 54 of the cover 41. A stop element 55 is located onthe hinged cover-41 and is positioned to butt against a boss 56 on the main framel5-to;l'imit 5&5

the degree of opening of the hinged cover. A threaded inspection plug 51 is provided immediately above the oil ring 4| for inspection purposes.

In Figures 4 and 5 a ball-drive mechanism is shown as a modified means for transmitting reduced rotary movement to the eccentric sleeve Hi. In these figures, reference character denotes a spring-pressed plate or ball-race element that is urged toward a ring of balls H by a plurality of springs 12 through the intermediary of sliding pins 13, in cover element 23 of the rotary drive-element 2| and by which it is also driven in unison with said drive-element. Compression of springs 12 is variable by screws 1211. Another opposed race-element I4 is positioned on the stationary sleeve l9 and is spring pressed toward the balls H by springs 15 and pins 16. Arotary cageelement Tl is provided for balls 'H' and, obviously as the balls are rolled between their races 10 and M the cage-element 11 will be rotated at half the speed of the drive element 2|.

Another ring of balls 18 is similarly rolled by the cage element TI to transmit rotary movement at half the number of revolutions per minute thereof, to the eccentric sleeve I8 on which balls 78 are caged. The final rotary movement of the sleeve, in this example, will therefore be onefourth the speed of the drive element 2|. A ring of ball-bearings 19 provides an additional thrust bearing between the race 10 and the rotary cageelement 11, both of which are centrally apertured to clear the oscillatory movements of the shaft H and permitting free longitudinal movement of the shaft. In this form of drive, a non-metallic drive-element 26b is positioned in a wall of the slot to transmit driving force from, the rotary drive element 2| to shaft driving arm 26 in a sliding engagement therewith permitting both radial and longitudinal relative movement of the shaft ll, while maintaining driving contact.

Operation In use ore, mineral or the like of suitable size is fed through the chute 49 and the opening 58 into the grinding space 5| to be acted upon by the rotating and gyrating movements of the grinding member 45 cooperating with the stationary grinding element 46. As the material is reduced in size it is discharged peripherally between the grinding media to fall into the slide or. drawer 52 without loss. The toggle mechanism 48 provides a secure lock for the cover 41 to insure against loss of any of the material, which is of great importance in-assaying or chemical analysis of a given quantity of material. The space between the moving and the stationary grinding elements is under manual control by means of the thrust screw 3|, and the optimum gyrating motion of the rotary grinding element 45 provides a superior grind and prevents the working surfaces of the grinding media from becoming grooved, which would seriously interfere with the eiliciency of the pulverizer.

Obviously the rotary driving element, which is shown in the present case as the pulley 2|, may be any type of rotary element such as a grooved pulley for a V-belt, and the element 2| may be driven from any suitable motive force. In a machine built according to the present example, a flat belt may be used to drive the pulley 2| when the machine is in operation. and it may be shifted to the loose pulley 35 by means of the belt shifter 60 when the pulverizer is not in use, in the wellknown manner.

The pulley or rotary element 2| transmits driv ing torque directly to the shaft so that the shaft rotates in unison with and at the same speed of the pulley 2|, while the eccentric sleeve rotates at a reduced speed by virtue of the planetary gearing or ball-drive above described. Since the teeth 36 on the shaft have a longer face than the planetary pinion 38, the shaft l1 may be moved longitudinally to adjust the grinding media without disturbing the mesh of the gears. While the swivel connection between the thrust screw 3| and the shaft I! is accomplished through the intermediary of the hub 28, obviously 'any swivel connection between the shaft and the screw would serve the purpose. Since the thrust screw 3| does not gyrate and is located approximately along the center of gyration, the swivel connection between its flange and the undercut opening 29 on the gyrating shaft I1 is constantly maintained so that shaft IT may be moved longitudinally in either direction through the in termediary of the hand wheel 32 on the screw. When the-proper adjustment has been attained the wing lock nut '33 may be used to maintain the adjustment against accidental movement.

After the material has been ground or pulverized .the'drawer 52 may be withdrawn for the recovery of the pulverized material. As above pointed out, the toggle mechanism 48 insures aleakproof closure of the hinged cover 41, and the shape and positionof the slide or drawer 52, extending, beyond the walls of the grinding chamber l6, assures the operator that all material that is ground will fall into the drawer and be available without loss for the next step in the analytical operation. The oil supplyfor the reservoir 48 may be introduced through an oil cup 58 that is connected therewith.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: r j l 1. A pulverizer of the character described comprising a supporting housing, a rotary sleeve journaled thereon, a shaft eccentrically journaled in the sleeve, a rotary driving element having a hollow extended hub, a shaft-driving arm in internal contact with the element, said element and contact permitting relative radial movement of the arm within the driving element, planetary reduction gearing comprising a stationary internal gear in said driving element, a sun pinion on the shaft and a planet pinion journaled on the sleeve and'in mesh with the internal gear and in mesh with the sun pinion, for transmitting rotary movement from the shaft to the sleeve a rotary grinding element on said shaft, and a stationary grinding member cooperative with the rotary grinding element.

2. In a pulverizer of the character described, a rotary driving element having a central opening and a radial opening connected therewith, a shaft having gear teeth thereon and extending into the said central opening, a shaft-driving arm on the shaft in the central opening and extending into the radial opening, an eccentric rotary sleeve-bearing for the shaft, a stationary internal gear around the shaft, and a planetary pinion journaled on said sleeve-bearing and meshing with said shaft gear teeth and meshing with th internal gear providing a gyratory drive for the shaft.

3. In a pulverizer of the character described, a shaft mounted for gyratory and longitudinal movement, a rotary driving element, a shaftdriving arm in driven contact with the element and having a hub provided with an undercut re- 'cess extending beyond an end of said shaft, and

a non-gyratory thrust screw having a flange in swivel engagement with said recess.

4. In a. pulverizer of the character described, a driving pulley having an extended hub, a removable bearing for the other side of the pulley providing a driving surface, a shaft journaled for gyratory movement, and an arm on the shaft in sliding driven contact with said surface.

5. A pulverizer of the character described comprising a supporting housing, a rotary sleeve journaled thereon, a shaft eccentrically journaled in the sleeve, a rotary driving element, a shaftdriving arm in sliding contact with the element, sleeve-driving mechanism comprising a springpressed ball-race rotated by the driving element, a ring of rotary balls contacting the race, a rotary cage-element for the balls, a second ring of rotary balls positioned to be rolled by said cage-element, and a cage for said second ring of balls on the sleeve, for transmitting reduced rotary movement to the sleeve, a gyratory grinding element on the shaft, and a stationary grinding member cooperative therewith.

6. A pulverizer of the character described comprising a supporting housing, a rotary sleeve journaled thereon, a shaft eccentrically journaled in the sleeve, a rotary driving element, a shaftdriving arm in sliding contact with the element,

sleeve-driving mechanism inclusive of a ring of rotary balls and a cage therefor on the sleeve, an intermediate ring of balls and a rotary cage therefor positioned between the driving element and the first said ring of balls, the intermediate ring of balls being in rolling cont-act with said driving element, to transmit reduced rotary movement from the driving element to the ring of balls on the sleeve, said balls on the sleeve being positioned to be rolled by the said intermediate rotary cage, a gyratory grinding element on the shaft, and a stationary grinding member cooperative therewith.

JOHN IVES. 

